what other fields are game programming skills relevant in?
From my experience your low level, debugging, optimization, etc skills will be appreciated in embedded development - various microcontrollers, firmware, & similar. Also in computer security related jobs - but beware there is a lot of snake oil jobs in this area. Anyways - in both areas I mentioned there is a lack of experienced developers.
More closer to game development, at least for graphics part, are simulators. Nowadays a lot of companies are doing various unity, unreal engine or custom engine based simulators for autonomous driving. Shameless plug - the team I'm working in is hiring in CA:
Unity based simulator, and engineer for
robotics / AD.
It's also extremely rare for me to find non-game-dev jobs that don't list a bachelor's degree as a hard requirement.
I ignore this requirement in job requirements or candidates. Most of the times this requirement comes from HR that just takes some template from to make job ad. I am interviewing a lot of candidates for positions either in my team, or in other teams - and I do not care what is their education. All that matters is what they like about their job, what they can do, how they are solving problems, stuff like that.